What is reminiscence therapy and how can I do it at home?

I've heard about reminiscence therapy and I'm curious. My mother-in-law forgets what she did today, but remembers her youth very well. How can I use this at home to improve our time together?

It's wonderful that you want to make the most of what your mother-in-law still holds so clearly. Reminiscence therapy starts exactly there: with old memories that dementia usually preserves for longer, transforming them into moments of connection.

Why it happens

In dementia, recent memory is lost first, but old memories are retained for longer. Talking about the past provides security, reinforces identity, and allows the person to feel competent and valued, instead of being confronted with what they can no longer do.

Practical strategies

• Gather old photographs, songs from their youth, familiar objects, and smells and explore them together.
• Ask open and welcoming questions: "Tell me what your hometown was like," "What did you like to cook?"
• Listen patiently, without correcting dates or details; the emotion is important, not the exactness.
• Create a memory box with meaningful objects to revisit on difficult days.

What NOT to do

• Do not test them ("Do you remember who this is?"); this causes frustration and distress.
• Do not force painful topics, such as bereavements, if you perceive they are upsetting.

When to seek professional help

If traumatic memories or intense sadness arise, speak to your GP. Alzheimer Portugal and some day centres guide structured reminiscence sessions.

"I picked up the wedding album and my mother-in-law told me everything, with details. It was the most beautiful conversation we've had in years." — Anonymous carer