The person has a fever. When should I be concerned?

My mum was sleepier and more confused than usual, and when I took her temperature it was 38 degrees. She's not complaining about anything and I don't know if it's alarming or if I can wait until the morning. When should I really be concerned?

It's natural to feel unsure when someone has a fever, especially when the person can't tell you how they feel. Your attention to these signs is exactly what protects your mum.

Why it happens

In dementia, the person often doesn't communicate pain or discomfort, so fever can be the only visible sign of an infection (urinary, respiratory, or other). Furthermore, an infection can cause sudden confusion, drowsiness, or agitation, even before the temperature rises significantly.

Practical strategies

• Take the temperature with the person at rest; above 38°C is considered a fever.
• Observe for other signs: strong-smelling urine, cough, refusal to eat, prostration, or new confusion.
• Keep the person hydrated and in light clothing.
• Call NHS 111 (111) for guidance if you have any doubts.

What NOT to do

• Do not give fever medication on your own initiative without confirming with a professional, especially if there is other regular medication.
• Do not ignore sudden confusion, even without a high fever.

When to seek professional help

Seek urgent help if the fever goes above 39°C, if there is difficulty breathing, dry lips, no urine, profound drowsiness, or if it doesn't come down. Contact your GP or NHS 111; for severe signs, go to A&E.

"I learned that when he becomes too quiet and still, it's his body warning that something isn't right." — Anonymous Carer